Introduction to Roman Numerals

Hello Year 5! Today we are going to learn about Roman numerals. Roman numerals are a special way of writing numbers that was used a long time ago in Ancient Rome. Instead of using our usual numbers (like 1, 2, 3), Romans used letters from their alphabet to represent numbers.

The Roman Numerals and Their Values

Here are some important Roman numerals you should know:

| Roman Numeral | Value |

|—————|——-|

| I | 1 |

| V | 5 |

| X | 10 |

| L | 50 |

| C | 100 |

| D | 500 |

| M | 1000 |

Key Rules for Reading and Writing Roman Numerals

  1. Adding Values: If a smaller numeral is after a larger numeral, you add the values together.
    • Example: VI = V (5) + I (1) = 6
  2. Subtracting Values: If a smaller numeral is before a larger numeral, you subtract the smaller one from the larger one.
    • Example: IV = V (5) – I (1) = 4
  3. No More Than Three in a Row: You can’t put more than three of the same numeral together.
    • Example: III = 3, but you can’t write IIII for 4.
  4. Combining Letters: You can combine letters to make larger numbers.
    • Example: XIII = X (10) + III (3) = 13

Tips and Tricks to Remember Roman Numerals

  • Remember the basics: Focus on I, V, X, L, C, D, and M.
  • Use patterns: Remember that V is 5, and you can build from there (e.g., VI, VII, VIII).
  • Practice regularly: The more you use Roman numerals, the easier they will become.

Fun Activity

Let’s practice by converting some numbers into Roman numerals and back again!

Easy Level Questions

  1. What is V in numbers?
  2. What is III in numbers?
  3. What is X in numbers?
  4. What number does IV represent?
  5. What is VII in numbers?
  6. Write 10 in Roman numerals.
  7. What number is IX?
  8. Write 3 in Roman numerals.
  9. What is II in numbers?
  10. What number does VI represent?
  11. What is the Roman numeral for 5?
  12. Write 4 in Roman numerals.
  13. What does L represent?
  14. Write 50 in Roman numerals.
  15. What is the Roman numeral for 1?
  16. What does XL represent?
  17. Write 2 in Roman numerals.
  18. What number does VIII represent?
  19. Write 6 in Roman numerals.
  20. What is the Roman numeral for 100?

Medium Level Questions

  1. What is XIII in numbers?
  2. Write 12 in Roman numerals.
  3. What does C represent?
  4. What number does CL represent?
  5. Write 30 in Roman numerals.
  6. What is the Roman numeral for 20?
  7. What is the value of XXV?
  8. Write 15 in Roman numerals.
  9. What does XV represent?
  10. What number does LXXI represent?
  11. Write 22 in Roman numerals.
  12. What is the Roman numeral for 200?
  13. What is the value of XC?
  14. Write 99 in Roman numerals.
  15. What does D represent?
  16. Write 500 in Roman numerals.
  17. What is the Roman numeral for 300?
  18. What number does XLII represent?
  19. Write 75 in Roman numerals.
  20. What is the value of MCMXCIX?

Hard Level Questions

  1. Convert the number 1987 into Roman numerals.
  2. Write 350 in Roman numerals.
  3. What does DCCC represent?
  4. Write 450 in Roman numerals.
  5. What is the Roman numeral for 999?
  6. What number is MXLV?
  7. Write the number 888 in Roman numerals.
  8. What numeral is represented by DCCCXL?
  9. What is the value of MDCLXVI?
  10. Write 2023 in Roman numerals.
  11. What does MMCC represent?
  12. Write 1,500 in Roman numerals.
  13. What is the Roman numeral for 3,000?
  14. Convert the number 1,234 into Roman numerals.
  15. What is the value of MMMCMXC?
  16. Write 125 in Roman numerals.
  17. What does CM represent?
  18. Write the number 1,010 in Roman numerals.
  19. What is the value of LXIV?
  20. Convert the number 1,600 into Roman numerals.

Answers and Explanations

Easy Level Answers

  1. 5
  2. 3
  3. 10
  4. 4
  5. 7
  6. X
  7. 9
  8. 3
  9. 2
  10. 6
  11. V
  12. IV
  13. 50
  14. L
  15. I
  16. XL
  17. II
  18. 8
  19. VI
  20. C

Medium Level Answers

  1. 13
  2. XII
  3. 100
  4. 150
  5. XXX
  6. XX
  7. 25
  8. XV
  9. 15
  10. 71
  11. XXII
  12. CC
  13. 90
  14. XCIX
  15. 500
  16. D
  17. CCC
  18. XLII
  19. LXXV
  20. 999

Hard Level Answers

  1. MCMLXXXVII
  2. CCCL
  3. 800
  4. CD
  5. CMXCIX
  6. 45
  7. DCCCLXXXVIII
  8. 840
  9. 1666
  10. MMXXIII
  11. 2200
  12. MD
  13. MMM
  14. MCCXXXIV
  15. 1990
  16. CXXV
  17. 900
  18. MX
  19. 64
  20. MDC

Enjoy your practice with Roman numerals, and remember to have fun while learning!