1. Definition of a Farm

A farm is a piece of land used to grow crops or raise animals. Farmers work on these lands to produce food and other products. Farms can vary in size and type, depending on what they produce.

2. Why is a Farm Classified as a Primary Industry?

A farm is classified as a primary industry because it is involved in the extraction of raw materials from the earth. This includes growing crops and raising livestock, which are the first steps in the production of food. Primary industries provide essential resources that other industries use to create products.

3. Definitions of Farm Types

  • An Arable Farm: This type of farm grows crops like wheat, barley, and vegetables. It focuses mainly on planting and harvesting plants for food.
  • A Mixed Farm: A mixed farm produces both crops and livestock. This means they might grow vegetables and also raise animals like cows or chickens.
  • A Pastoral Farm: Pastoral farms mainly focus on raising animals for products like milk, meat, and wool. They typically have large areas of land for grazing.
  • A Market Garden: Market gardens are small farms that grow fruits and vegetables to sell directly to consumers, often at local markets. They usually grow a variety of produce in a small area.

4. Farmers’ Explanations

a) Complete the Table

| Farmer | Type of Farming | Key Practices |

|——–|—————-|—————-|

| A | | |

| B | | |

| C | | |

b) Importance of Farming Decisions

It is important for farmers to make the right decisions about how to farm the land because it affects their profits and the environment. Poor choices can lead to lower crop yields or harm the land. Making informed decisions helps farmers sustain their businesses and the land for future generations.

5. Decline in Farming Employment

The number of people employed in farming in the UK has declined since 1791 due to advances in technology and machinery. Modern farming equipment can do the work of many people, reducing the need for a large workforce. Additionally, many farms have become larger and more commercial, employing fewer workers overall.

6. Hellvellyn OS Map Activity

a) Locate Stybeck Farm

Find Stybeck Farm at grid reference 338 188 on the Hellvellyn OS map. This reference tells you exactly where to find it.

b) Clues for Farm Type

Look for clues such as the types of fields, buildings, and livestock on the map. If you see many fields with crops, it might be an arable farm. If there are buildings for animals, it could be a pastoral farm.

7. Mappleton OS Map Activity

a) Locate Mill Farm

Find Mill Farm to the south-west of Mappleton village using the six-figure grid reference (you will need to create this reference based on the map).

b) Clues for Farm Type

Look for similar clues as in the previous exercise. Note the arrangement of the land and any specific symbols that indicate the type of farming.

8. Diagram Analysis

a) Definitions of the System Components

  1. Input: Resources needed to run the farm, like seeds, water, and equipment.
  2. Process: The actions taken to grow crops or raise animals, like planting or feeding.
  3. Output: The products produced, such as vegetables, meat, or milk.

b) How a Farm Makes a Profit

A farm makes a profit by selling its products for more money than it costs to produce them. This means careful management of resources and pricing. Successful farms often find ways to add value to their products, like organic certification.

c) Create Your Economic Systems Diagram

Draw a diagram similar to Diagram D, including the inputs, processes, and outputs specific to Cliffe House Farm.

9. Natural Resources Table

a) Draw a Table

| Type of Farm | Natural Resources Used |

|——————–|———————————–|

| Arable Farm | Soil, water, sunlight |

| Mixed Farm | Soil, water, livestock |

| Pastoral Farm | Grazing land, water, feed |

| Market Garden | Soil, water, seeds |

b) List Natural Resources

Make sure to list the specific natural resources each type of farm relies on, such as soil for growing crops or water for livestock.

10. Job Classification

a) Four-Column Table

| Primary | Secondary | Tertiary | Quaternary |

|—————|—————-|——————|——————-|

| | | | |

b) Complete the Table with Photos

Classify the jobs shown in photographs A-N into the correct sector of the economy. Write the letter of the photo and the name of the job.

c) Write Statements in the Correct Columns

  • Uses natural resources: Primary
  • Works in a factory: Secondary
  • Provides a service: Tertiary

11. Front Cover Jobs

Look at the front cover of your textbook and list the different types of jobs shown. This will help you understand the variety of jobs in different sectors.

12. Family Job Survey

a) Write a List

Write down all the different jobs that your classmates’ families do.

b) Sort the List

Organise these jobs into the four sectors (Primary, Secondary, Tertiary, Quaternary).

c) Draw a Bar Chart

Create a bar chart to show how many family members work in each sector.

13. Job Locations

Jobs in the primary sector are often located in rural areas where natural resources are available, like farms. Tertiary sector jobs, like retail or services, are usually found in cities and towns where people live. Understanding where these jobs are located helps us see how geography affects employment.

14. Sector Data Graph

a) Draw a Line Graph

Plot the data for each sector of the UK economy from 1791 to 2011 on a line graph. Each line should be a different colour, and don’t forget to add a title and a key.

b) Write a Paragraph

Describe how the percentage share of each sector changed over time, noting any significant trends or shifts.

Questions

Easy Level Questions (20)

  1. What is a farm?
  2. What do farms produce?
  3. Why is farming a primary industry?
  4. What is an arable farm?
  5. What does a mixed farm produce?
  6. What animals might you find on a pastoral farm?
  7. What is a market garden?
  8. Why do farmers need to make good decisions?
  9. How has technology affected farming?
  10. What does input mean in farming?
  11. Give an example of a natural resource used in farming.
  12. Why do farms need water?
  13. What type of farm might have cows?
  14. What do you call a farm that grows vegetables?
  15. Why do we need farms?
  16. What is profit in farming?
  17. What might a farmer sell?
  18. Why is it important to know where jobs are located?
  19. What might you find in a market garden?
  20. What job does a dairy farmer do?

Medium Level Questions (20)

  1. Explain the difference between arable and pastoral farms.
  2. Why is the number of people employed in farming decreasing?
  3. How can farmers increase profits?
  4. What are the three components of the farming system?
  5. Why is the location of farms important?
  6. How do mixed farms benefit from having both crops and animals?
  7. What challenges do farmers face today?
  8. How does climate affect farming?
  9. Give an example of a natural resource used in arable farming.
  10. What do you think is the most important factor for a farm’s success?
  11. How do farms contribute to the economy?
  12. What role does technology play in modern farming?
  13. How can farmers help the environment?
  14. What types of jobs might you find in the tertiary sector?
  15. Why might someone choose to work in the quaternary sector?
  16. How has farming changed since 1791?
  17. What is the purpose of a market garden?
  18. How do you identify a farm type on a map?
  19. Why is selling directly to consumers beneficial for farmers?
  20. What might be a reason for a farmer to switch farm types?

Hard Level Questions (20)

  1. Analyze the impact of farming technology on employment levels.
  2. Discuss the significance of natural resources in farming.
  3. Compare and contrast mixed farms with pastoral farms.
  4. Explain how geographical factors influence farming practices.
  5. Evaluate the economic importance of the agricultural sector.
  6. How do government policies affect farming?
  7. Explore the relationship between urban development and farming.
  8. Assess the effects of climate change on farming.
  9. What innovations could shape the future of farming?
  10. How do global markets affect local farmers?
  11. Discuss the role of sustainability in modern farming.
  12. What are the implications of declining agricultural employment?
  13. Analyze the role of education in improving farming practices.
  14. How does consumer demand shape what farmers grow?
  15. Evaluate the importance of organic farming.
  16. Discuss potential careers within each sector of the economy.
  17. How do farms contribute to food security?
  18. What challenges do farmers face regarding land use?
  19. Explore the impact of international trade on UK farming.
  20. How do farmers manage their resources effectively?

Answers

Easy Level Answers

  1. A farm is a piece of land used to grow crops or raise animals.
  2. Farms produce food, like fruits, vegetables, and meat, as well as other products.
  3. Farming is a primary industry because it involves extracting raw materials from the earth.
  4. An arable farm primarily grows crops.
  5. A mixed farm produces both crops and livestock.
  6. You might find cows, sheep, or goats on a pastoral farm.
  7. A market garden grows fruits and vegetables to sell directly to consumers.
  8. Good decisions are important for maintaining profits and the land.
  9. Technology allows for more efficient farming and less manual labour.
  10. Input means the resources needed to run a farm.
  11. An example of a natural resource used in farming is soil.
  12. Farms need water for crops and livestock to survive.
  13. A farm with cows is called a pastoral farm.
  14. A farm that grows vegetables is called an arable farm.
  15. We need farms to produce food and other essential products.
  16. Profit is the money made after selling products minus the costs.
  17. A farmer sells crops, livestock, and other farm products.
  18. Knowing job locations helps us understand economic patterns.
  19. You might find tomatoes, lettuce, and herbs in a market garden.
  20. A dairy farmer produces milk and other dairy products.

Medium Level Answers

  1. Arable farms grow crops, while pastoral farms raise animals.
  2. Employment in farming is decreasing due to technology and larger farms.
  3. Farmers can increase profits by improving efficiency and marketing their products well.
  4. The three components are inputs, processes, and outputs in farming.
  5. Farm location affects access to resources and market access.
  6. Mixed farms can use animal waste as fertilizer for crops, benefiting both.
  7. Farmers face challenges like climate change, pests, and market prices.
  8. Climate affects what crops can grow and when they can be planted.
  9. An example of a natural resource in arable farming is water for irrigation.
  10. The most important factor for a farm’s success is effective management.
  11. Farms contribute to the economy by providing food and jobs.
  12. Technology helps farmers increase yields and reduce costs.
  13. Farmers can help the environment by using sustainable practices.
  14. Tertiary sector jobs include retail, banking, and services.
  15. Someone might choose to work in the quaternary sector for innovation and research.
  16. Farming has changed with technology, crop varieties, and farming methods.
  17. A market garden serves local communities with fresh produce.
  18. You can identify farm types by looking at the land use and symbols on a map.
  19. Selling directly to consumers can lead to better prices and fresher produce.
  20. A farmer might switch types to adapt to market demands or climate conditions.

Hard Level Answers

  1. Farming technology reduces the need for manual labour, leading to fewer jobs.
  2. Natural resources are essential for growing crops and raising animals.
  3. Mixed farms have the flexibility of producing multiple types of products.
  4. Geographical factors like soil type and climate influence what can be farmed.
  5. The agricultural sector is vital for food production and job creation.
  6. Government policies can support or restrict farming practices and subsidies.
  7. Urban development can reduce farmland and change local farming dynamics.
  8. Climate change can lead to unpredictable weather patterns affecting crops.
  9. Innovations like vertical farming could change how food is produced.
  10. Global markets can create competition that affects local farmers’ prices.
  11. Sustainability is important to ensure resources are available for future generations.
  12. Declining agricultural employment can lead to less knowledge in farming communities.
  13. Education can help farmers adopt new technologies and practices.
  14. Consumer demand affects what farmers choose to grow or raise.
  15. Organic farming is important for health and environmental sustainability.
  16. Careers in each sector include roles like farmers, factory workers, and service providers.
  17. Farms help ensure food security by producing essential food items.
  18. Farmers manage land use to maximize productivity while minimizing environmental impact.
  19. International trade can affect prices and market access for local farmers.
  20. Farmers manage resources by planning crop rotations and using sustainable practices.